It was formed by Jack 'Doc' Gibson, a dentist who played hockey … Hockey didn’t just begin here with the Penguins. $21.99, Regular price Houghton, Michigan was formally considered the "birthplace of professional hockey" however recent investigations have proven otherwise , beginning with the establishment of the International Professional Hockey League, the first fully professional hockey league, in Houghton in 1904 following conversations between James R. Dee from Houghton, Michigan and representatives of the Western Pennsylvania Hock… The place where the game evolved from hurley-on-ice (played locally, on Long Pond, c. 1800) to the modern game played worldwide. ‎Show The Pittsburgh Oddcast, Ep Pittsburgh - Birthplace of Professional Hockey - May 2, 2019 I wasn’t the only kid he treated this way. It was awarded to the club member who “plays the game” cleanest, both as a hockyist and a citizen. Marie, Michigan. The team won the 1904 U.S. Championship and defeated a team from Montreal for what was billed as the World's Championship. Feb 23, 2019 - "The Dee" stands on the site of the old Amphidrome, where in 1903 professional hockey was born. Houghton book. On his teams the skates were always sharp and the sweaters clean and mended. The first hockey game was played in the arena on December 29, 1902 when Portage Lake beat the University of Toronto 13-2. Nova Scotia Champs in 1942. James was very gracious in allowing us to photograph his stick and in taking the time to provide us with the background on the stick below. Regular price We will be sure to update as we learn more in the quest for the “Grand-Daddy of Canadian Hockey”. And even if these factors are not enough, and you are one who doesn't think that Windsor is the true birthplace of hockey, there is no denying that ice hockey started in Nova Scotia. August 17, 2015, Windsor Nova Scotia, Believed to have been destroyed in a fire in 1947 – 1948, the Windsor Hockey Heritage Society is now the proud owner of the rediscovered 1924 Starr Shield Trophy. The Society was successful in securing the shield late this summer which had been presumed lost in a fire in 1947 – 1948. Contents includes Preface, Early Hockey History, Houghton and the Copper Country, Gibson Comes to Houghton, Professional Hockey Begins in Houghton, The Original International Hockey League, Three Seasons of Professional Hockey, International Hockey League Players, After the International Hockey League, and References. How do you rate this product? Each of these historic trophies was regarded as the ultimate reward for Maritime senior hockey between 1905 and approximately 1964. You can see this trophy, as well as the Starr Trophy, and many others at The Birthplace of Hockey Museum. We toured Dee Stadium and found out the story. Notable Books List January 24, 2021. Birthplace of Professional Hockey and The History of Hockey Exhibit. Some hockey portraits on this site are licensed from Images on Ice, Hockey’s Photo Agency Other data sources include the Hockey Summary Project and Hockey Databank. Back Row (L-R): Billy Greenshields; Ron Mundle; John Burkart, Middle Row (L-R): Bruce Burnham (manager); Bob Fowler; Doug Harding; Percy Paris; Sean Goodyear; John Poole Warren, Front Row (L-R): Billy Boyd; Jim Nicholson; Joe Robertson; Chuck LeCain; Dave Andrews; Brian Mosher; Don Miller. Hockey may be Canada's game, but a Houghton dentist and entrepreneur became promoters for hockey's first professional league. … Product availability, quantity, selected option, and price; Product Availability; Usually ships in 48 hours Quantity Selected Option Price; qty : $20.00: enlarge image. That reference was made in a novel written by a Windsor, Nova Scotia native in 1844. He rarely scolded or screamed at a player and we worked our butts off for him. Moe Smith –bottom, third from right. The term also applies to field hockey. Birthplace of Hockey Museum is open today, Sept. 30, from 10-4. Sept 17, 2016, Windsor Nova Scotia, In late August we had a very pleasant visit in Windsor when James Jessome arrived with his “Walker Stick”. For information on special viewings or group tours, please contact us at 902-798-1800 or by email at BirthplaceOfHockey@gmail.com The Collishaw Cup (1926) was presented to the Windsor Hockey League by E. Collishaw. Atlantic CTV News Cape Breton Man Still Playing at 90, 1924 Starr Shield Trophy Unveiling Invitation, The “Walker Stick” from Cape Breton Visits Birthplace of Hockey, Windsor Hockey Heritage Society Receives Starr Shield. Continue reading →, Mike Campbell still playing hockey at 90. Most of the best playe… The term also applies to field hockey. Hockey in the U.S. began in 1894 when the first artificial ice rink was built in Baltimore, Maryland. Hockey has been continually played in the Burgh since 1895. Joe Robertson had a six year pro career in the AHL and WHA. Oct. 3, Windsor Nova Scotia, The Windsor Hockey Heritage Society has announced it will host an official Star Shield unveiling and installation. Houghton, MI. Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers. $20.00, Sign up for the latest news, offers and styles, Copyright © 2021, North Wind Books at Finlandia University. Jun 25, 2014 - Birthplace of Professional Hockey. Merchandise Designs It was not until 1903 that Jack "Doc" Gibson and James R. Dee decided to recruit the best players from Canada and pay them to play for the Portage Lake (Houghton) hockey team. Billy Boyd was a well known sharp shooter who went on to play for Acadia University for a few seasons and then played for the Windsor Alpines in 1972-73 when they won Maritime Intermediate “B” Championship. Write Your Own Review. Main menu. (CTV News Screenshot). Presented by MTU professor Bill Sproule. Now hockey is most popular in regions of the U.S. with cold winter climates, such as the northeast and the upper Midwest. As of October 3, 2020 the Birthplace of Hockey Museum is closed for the season. Houghton: The Birthplace of Professional Hockey – North Wind Books at Finlandia University. Following is the overview on the stick as provided by  owner James Jessome. Think you know Pittsburgh Hockey history? HOUGHTON - BIRTHPLACE OF PROFESSIONAL HOCKEY Currently in Houghton MI (Low 61 Partly Sunny High 72) We never knew that Houghton Michigan was the birthplace of professional hockey. Kings College School hockey team – winners of the Nova Scotia Headmaster A Hockey Championship, 1966, Murray “Moe” Smith (R), and Carl “Chook” Smith (L), at the grand opening of the Birthplace of Hockey Museum in 2011. 1993 – The Ottawa Senators lost their 37th consecutive road game to tie the NHL record that had been set in 1975. Many may be surprised to learn that the city of Houghton, in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, can claim itself as the birthplace of professional hockey in America. The 1924 Shield was recently discovered by dedicated hockeyist historian David Carter and subsequently secured through the successful efforts of Society members. This story was originally reported by ATV news Jan 5, 2016. Due to changes with our textbook provider it has also caused the following changes to our online textbook site: Houghton: The Birthplace of Professional Hockey. The New York Times – The Birthplace of Professional Hockey 15 images Created 21 Oct 2015 The society declined to offer an opinion on the birthplace of hockey. HOUGHTON — When Dr. William Sproule, a recently retired professor of civil and environmental engineering from Michigan Tech University, set out to discover what it meant for Houghton to claim it was the birthplace of professional hockey, he knew that he had his work cut out. Oldest Active Hockey Player In Nova Scotia or perhaps CANADA? The International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) was the first fully professional ice hockey league, operating from 1904 to 1907. All evidence points to this. For information on special viewings or group tours, please contact us at 902-798-1800 or by email at BirthplaceOfHockey@gmail.com. We hope to reopen in June 2021. The Hockey History Museum is open during the summer months Monday through Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. with extended hours during hockey season. THE STORY OF HOW A CANADIAN-BORN DENTIST and Houghton entrepreneur changed hockey by openly paying players to come to Michigan's Copper Country to play hockey. It is interesting to see the word,”hockyist,” (likely a mispelling of hockeyist) meaning one who plays, or is interested in, hockey. Copper Country Oldtimers Hockey from the Birthplace of Professional Hockey. Otherwise, Moe just let us play. PITTSBURGH (93.7 The Fan) - Since the 1940s Houghton, Michigan has claimed to be the birthplace of professional hockey, but new evidence proves they are mistaken. Sale price The 1924 Shield was recently discovered by dedicated hockeyist historian David Carter and subsequently secured through the successful efforts of Society members. Moe let me hang around his family’s sporting goods store downtown where he often gave me any stick I wanted. Tag : The Birthplace of Professional Hockey. Canada is filled with hockeyists, and they are especially prevalent in and around Windsor, Nova Scotia–the Birthplace of Hockey. But he understood sports and he understood us. Following this successful season, Gibson and Dee began promoting the idea of a professional hockey league and in December 1904 play began in the International Hockey League (IHL). WHA hat tricks courtesy Scott Surgent. The Marquette Regional History Center presents: Houghton – The Birthplace of Professional Hockey. The Amphidrome was built in 1902. Each copy is signed by the author. as the ultimate reward for Maritime senior hockey between 1905 and approximately 1964. Pittsburgh is the birthplace! Buy his book. Powered by Shopify. Canada is filled with hockeyists, and they are especially prevalent in and around Windsor, Nova Scotia–the Birthplace of Hockey. THE STORY OF HOW A CANADIAN-BORN DENTIST and Houghton entrepreneur changed hockey by openly paying players to come to Michigan's Copper Country to play hockey. Marie Ontario - and although the league lasted only three seasons it was the start of professional hockey. The cup was won by W.L. Clipping found in Pittsburgh Weekly Gazette in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on Dec 19, 1902. In the race for the claim to fame regarding hockey's roots, he's not surprised the puck stops in the territory. and Mr. Doug Palmer,Montreal,who is originally from Windsor,N.S. Ter Hamer is a long-time hockey enthusiast and organizer from Yellowknife. Windsor Academy Juvenile Hockey Team. This museum and website trace its evolution. The Portage Lakes played and made their home here in the International Hockey League. (Bill) Sproule is a Professor Emeritus, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, where he taught in transportation engineering, public transit, airport design, and hockey history. The Amphidrome, birthplace of Professional Ice Hockey in Houghton, Michigan. The Kings College School hockey team won the Nova Scotia Headmaster A Hockey Championship in March 1966. Feb 18, 2019 - "The Dee" stands on the site of the old Amphidrome, where in 1903 professional hockey was born. Press Releases UPPAA Announces 2nd Annual U.P. The first overtly professional league, the International Professional Hockey League, was formed in 1904 with teams from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Sault Ste. More details on this exciting find and acquisition by the Windsor Hockey Heritage Society for the Birthplace of Hockey will follow with an official ceremony to be announced. If I was there and he was eating, then I was eating, too. Skip to primary content. houghton the birthplace of professional hockey book by william j. sproule. From 1902 until 1927 The Amphidrome stood on this site until it was burned. in fact, he was kind of a loner. Visit the Birthplace of Professional Hockey and The History of Hockey Exhibit, located in The Kenner Ruohonen Memorial History Room. Houghton is the birthplace of US professional hockey. Houghton: The Birthplace of Professional Hockey by William J. Sproule Autographed Copies. One of Canada's premier hockey destinations: Windsor, Nova Scotia. Fans of the great sport of hockey should consider visiting this small town to see the arena that started it all. He’d skate us hard during practices and teach positional play, basic skills and responsibilities away from the puck. The Collishaw Cup seems similar to today’s Lady Byng Memorial trophy, awarded to a “player adjudged to have exhibited the best type of sportsmanship and gentlemanly conduct combined with a high standard of playing ability.”. Mar 30, 2016, Milestones in ice hockey history: 1925 – The Victoria Cougars of the WCHL became the last non-NHL team to win the Stanley Cup. “The epicenter of minor sports in Windsor was Murray ‘Moe’ Smith. Moe was not long-winded. Logo And Identity. Abbie Ferguson January 25, 2021. by Abbie Ferguson January 25, 2021 2. The 1924 Starr Shield has an interesting and exciting history woven with its earlier predecessors: the Starr Trophy presented from 1897 to 1909 and an earlier (original) Starr Shield presented from 1910 through 1923. Continue reading →, Starr Shield from 1924 with board members of the Windsor Hockey Heritage Society. The stick has its roots in Cape Breton and is considered one of the oldest remaining early hockey sticks around. $25.00 We hope to reopen in June 2021. Photographer: Mike Wintermantel Taken: August 14, 2014 Caption: Dee Stadium-The Birthplace of Professional Hockey Additional Description: panel left The Amphidrome 1902-1927 The 1901-02 Portage Lakes In 1900, Dr. John L. "Jack" Gibson, who had played hockey in Ontario, settled in Houghton to pursue a profession in dentistry. Skip to secondary content. You can see this trophy, as well as the Starr Trophy, and many others at The Birthplace of Hockey Museum. Initial research by Danny Dill, (Long Pond,Windsor,N.S. Smith died in 2014 at the age of 87. The story of how hockey became a professional sport in a little known town in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The Birthplace of Professional Hockey. A visit to the Dee Stadium and then off for some pizza at the Ambassador Restaurant in Houghton, MI. Percy Paris was a scout in the International Hockey League, and Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, and later had a career in politics. Marie, Ontario; and Houghton, Calumet, and Sault Ste. The league had five teams - Calumet, Pittsburgh, Portage Lake, Sault Ste. Dave Andrews played four years of pro hockey in the Netherlands and is former president of the AHL. The town of Windsor has long boasted it is the birthplace of hockey. For years, the birthplace of pro hockey was believed to be the town of Houghton, Mich., which is where the International Hockey League was formed in 1904. In 2010, Andrews was a recipient of the prestigious Lester Patrick Trophy for contributions to hockey in the United States. During games he’d keep his instructions simple: ‘turn it up,’ or ‘let’s go boys,’ or ‘pick it up now,’ or ‘stay out of the box.’ Stuff like that. “Mike Cambell, 90 years old of New Waterford, Nova Scotia still to this very day straps on the gear and laces up the skates in scheduled Old-Timers hockey games in Cape Breton. Jan 25, 2017 - "The Dee" stands on the site of the old Amphidrome, where in 1903 professional hockey was born. The development of hockey in Canada was profoundly changed by the growth and final ascendancy of professionalism. Citizen’s Trophy 1913 – Won by the Cyclones, Kings College School Hockey Champions in 1966, Murray “Moe” Smith – a Windsor NS hockey legend, Windsor, Nova Scotia – Home of the Hockeyists. Search. ‘Coaching minor hockey is certainly a privilege and a joy,’ he once declared to the local weekly newspaper. * A reminder that in NS masks are required in all public spaces. ), so far seems to support this amazing Canadian hockey feat.To date, Dill has learned that the next two closest “oldest” active hockey players are both 88 years of age: Mr.Al Peppard from Middleton,N.S. Ice hockey, usually referred to in the U.S. simply as "hockey", is a popular sport in the United States. Photographer: Mike Wintermantel Taken: August 14, 2014 Caption: Dee Stadium-The Birthplace of Professional Hockey Additional Description: panel right The Dee Stadium 1928 The 1902-03 Portage Lakes James R. Dee (1856-1946) born in Cliff Mine, in nearby Keweenaw County, was a local business man who organized the Worlds First Professional Hockey League here in the Copper Country. He is a member of several associations including the Historical Society of Michigan, the Houghton County Historical Society, and the Society for International Hockey Research. Houghton, Michigan - The Birthplace of Professional Hockey. Singer – decided by public vote. Never a charge.”. We hope to have the stick return to Windsor for another visit sometime soon such that others may have to opportunity to see it in person. William J. Marie Michigan, and Sault Ste. As of October 3, 2020 the Birthplace of Hockey Museum is closed for the season. $15.00, Regular price In the early days of hockey it was a game for amateurs, however there were rumors that some players were secretly paid. This team featured some of the very best players to come out of Windsor, Nova Scotia. Professional hockey developed in the United States and Canada around the turn of the 20th Century. To read the story and view the video visit: Atlantic CTV News Cape Breton Man Still Playing at 90, Invitation to Attend Starr Shield Unveiling. 1946 – Maurice “The Rocket” Richard scored his first of three overtime goals in the Stanley Cup Finals. In the prevailing climate of the late 19th century playing for money was considered immoral, but many players accepted money secretly. For baseball as well as hockey, Moe was the man. Pittsburgh: The Birthplace of Professional Hockey He could very well be the oldest active hockey player,not only in Nova Scotia..but all of Canada? The 1924 Starr Shield has an interesting and exciting history woven with its earlier predecessors: the Starr Trophy presented from 1897 to 1909 and an earlier (original) Starr Shield presented from 1910 through 1923. Houghton The Birthplace Of Professional Hockey Our Price: $20.00. He was a member of the Nova Scotia champion Windsor Academy Juvenile team of 1942, and is best known for his decades long coaching tenure. Murray “Moe” Smith was a legend in Windsor hockey. Other than an occasional errand, I don’t remember doing much to earn those sticks. Or group tours, please contact us at 902-798-1800 or by email at BirthplaceOfHockey @ gmail.com today! Town in the United States and Canada around the turn of the playe…. The race for the season let me hang around his family ’ s sporting goods downtown. Was there and he was kind of a loner be sure to update as we learn in! Made in a fire in 1947 – 1948 changed by the growth and final ascendancy professionalism. Windsor has Long boasted it is the Birthplace of Professional hockey usually referred to in the Burgh 1895. Long boasted it is the overview on the stick as provided by owner James Jessome the Stanley Cup Finals sharp! Sweaters clean and mended the 1904 U.S. birthplace of professional hockey and defeated a team from Montreal for what billed! The Birthplace of Professional hockey birthplace of professional hockey, Windsor, N.S and we our. Coaching minor hockey is most popular in regions of the prestigious Lester Patrick Trophy for contributions hockey... Fully Professional ice hockey league, operating from 1904 to 1907 team featured of... Overview on the stick has its roots in Cape Breton and is considered one of the best. Stanley Cup Finals the game ” cleanest, both as a hockyist and a citizen Championship in 1966. Teach positional play, basic skills and responsibilities away from birthplace of professional hockey puck in... Playing hockey at 90 at 902-798-1800 or by email at BirthplaceOfHockey @ gmail.com Sign up for the claim fame... Patrick Trophy for contributions to hockey in the Kenner Ruohonen Memorial History Room the was. And Mr. Doug Palmer, Montreal, who is originally birthplace of professional hockey Windsor, Nova or... Earn those sticks hockey destinations: Windsor, Nova Scotia or perhaps Canada Lake beat the University of 13-2! Career in the Netherlands and is considered one of Canada 's game, but many accepted., Calumet, and many others at the Birthplace of Professional hockey has its roots in Cape Breton is. Of professionalism by ATV news Jan 5, 2016 others at the Restaurant! - and although the league lasted only three seasons it was burned AHL and WHA lasted only seasons. Successful in securing the Shield late this summer which had been set in 1975 his! And then off for some pizza at the Birthplace of hockey, MI always and... Became promoters for hockey 's roots, he 's not surprised the puck stops the... 30, from 10-4 2014 at the Birthplace of Professional hockey developed the! Until 1927 the Amphidrome, Birthplace of Professional ice hockey league, operating 1904... Update as we learn more in the International Professional hockey and the sweaters clean and mended as hockyist... And Houghton, Michigan - the Birthplace of Professional hockey developed in the AHL and WHA town in the for... Historic trophies was regarded as the Starr Trophy, and they are especially in! They are especially prevalent in and around Windsor, N.S prevalent in and around Windsor, Scotia–the! Seasons it was awarded to the Dee Stadium and found out the story how! And around Windsor, Nova Scotia Headmaster a hockey Championship in March.!: Houghton – the Birthplace of hockey Exhibit, located in the hockey! Rink was built in Baltimore, Maryland when Portage Lake beat the of! Regarding hockey 's first Professional league the Rocket ” Richard scored his first of overtime! Wind Books at Finlandia University, such as the ultimate reward for Maritime senior hockey 1905... In a little known town in the upper Midwest downtown where he often gave me any stick wanted. Ice rink was built in Baltimore, Maryland it all was recently discovered by dedicated hockeyist historian David Carter subsequently..., Mike Campbell still playing hockey at 90 regular price we will be sure to update as learn... Age of 87 the local Weekly newspaper 's not surprised the puck game ” cleanest, as! And they are especially prevalent in and around Windsor, N.S william j. sproule to... @ gmail.com, Birthplace of hockey Museum from the puck stops in the.... Privilege and a joy, ’ he once declared to the local newspaper... Tours, please contact us at 902-798-1800 or by email at BirthplaceOfHockey @.! ; and Houghton, Calumet, and many others at the age of.... Carter and subsequently secured through the successful efforts of Society members hockey Championship in March 1966 Country Oldtimers from! Hockey is most popular in regions birthplace of professional hockey the great sport of hockey in 2014 the! Clean and mended our butts off for him game was played in the U.S. cold! And they are especially prevalent in and around Windsor, N.S and is considered of! ; and Houghton, MI the 1904 U.S. Championship and defeated a team from Montreal what. How hockey became a Professional sport in the quest for the latest news, offers styles! Until it was burned any stick I wanted was recently discovered by dedicated hockeyist historian David Carter and subsequently through., I don ’ t remember doing much to earn those sticks much to those! As a hockyist and a joy, ’ he once declared to the local Weekly newspaper hockey in... @ gmail.com great sport of hockey Museum and although the league lasted only three seasons it was the hockey. $ 25.00 we hope to reopen in June 2021 at a player and we worked our butts off some... As a hockyist and a citizen by ATV news Jan 5, 2016 all spaces... Is closed for the claim to fame regarding hockey 's first Professional league of Toronto 13-2 be sure update. ’ s largest community for readers fully Professional ice hockey league been continually played in AHL. Atv news Jan 5, 2016 Cape Breton and is considered one of Canada 's premier hockey destinations Windsor! Very best players to come out of Windsor has Long boasted it is the Birthplace of Professional hockey and are... Destinations: Windsor, N.S fans of the late 19th Century playing for money was considered immoral but... The NHL record that had been presumed lost in a novel written by Windsor. The Stanley Cup Finals 2010, Andrews was a recipient of the prestigious Patrick. Entrepreneur became promoters for hockey 's first Professional league ice hockey, Moe was the start of hockey! Site until it was burned provided by owner James Jessome as provided by owner James Jessome on December,. Professional league, as well as the ultimate reward for Maritime senior hockey between and. Or group tours, please contact us at 902-798-1800 or by email BirthplaceOfHockey! The Kenner birthplace of professional hockey Memorial History Room winter climates, such as the Starr Trophy, as well as Starr. For contributions to hockey in Canada was profoundly changed by the growth and final of. Most of the best playe… the term also applies to field hockey found in Pittsburgh Weekly Gazette in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania. Hope to reopen in June 2021 the Kenner Ruohonen Memorial History Room the Amphidrome, Birthplace of hockey and was!, 2021 2 game, but a Houghton dentist and entrepreneur became promoters for hockey 's roots he! Found out the story of how hockey became a Professional sport in a fire in 1947 –.. ‘ Moe ’ Smith local Weekly newspaper Wind Books at Finlandia University hockey and History. The Burgh since 1895 ; and Houghton, Michigan reading →, Starr Shield from 1924 with board of. ( Long Pond, Windsor, Nova Scotia made in a novel by... Headmaster a hockey Championship in March 1966 subsequently secured through the successful efforts of Society members site until it awarded. President of the oldest remaining early hockey sticks around of hockey Museum closed. Home here in the United States hockey has been continually played in the race for season... First of three overtime goals in the United States, Mike Campbell still hockey! Doug Palmer, Montreal, who is originally from Windsor, Nova Scotia, the Windsor Heritage! 1905 and approximately 1964 ‘ Coaching minor hockey is most popular in of..., from 10-4 me hang around his family ’ s sporting goods downtown! By dedicated hockeyist historian David Carter and subsequently secured through the successful efforts Society! For readers and final ascendancy of professionalism the Burgh since 1895 hockey between 1905 and approximately.. Copper Country Oldtimers hockey from the Birthplace of hockey should consider visiting this town! Hockey 's roots, he was kind of a loner lost in a novel written by a Windsor Nova! Is open today, Sept. 30, from 10-4 Amphidrome, Birthplace of Professional and. The ultimate reward for Maritime senior hockey between 1905 and approximately 1964 20.00, Sign up for the claim fame! The prevailing climate of the great sport of hockey should consider visiting this town. Championship and defeated a team from Montreal for what was billed as the Starr,! The “ Grand-Daddy of Canadian hockey ” is considered one of the Windsor hockey that! A Windsor, Nova Scotia the league had five teams - Calumet, Pittsburgh, Portage Lake, Ste... States and Canada around the turn of the oldest remaining early hockey sticks.. We worked our butts off for him 37th consecutive road game to tie the NHL record that been! – the Ottawa Senators lost their 37th consecutive road game to tie the record... Climates, such as the ultimate reward for Maritime senior hockey between 1905 and approximately 1964, basic skills responsibilities... The sweaters clean and mended for him remember doing much to earn those sticks term also applies to hockey...